New Signs of Weakening Economy Heighten Concerns About High Interest Rates

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Key Takeaways

  • A trio of economical reports Thursday came successful beneath expectations, raising nan imaginable that precocious liking rates are earnestly slowing nan economy.
  • Manufacturing activity was little than expected, building spending was lower, and much group revenge unemployment claims.
  • The progressively gloomy outlook raised nan anticipation that nan Federal Reserve would little its benchmark liking complaint successful nan months up astatine a faster gait than antecedently anticipated.

A raft of worse-than-expected economical information Thursday raised questions astir really agelong nan system will beryllium capable to support its caput supra h2o arsenic precocious liking rates resistance down susceptible industries.

Three abstracted reports delivered downbeat surprises. Construction spending fell successful June for nan 2nd period successful a row, dropping 0.3%, nan Census Bureau said. Forecasters had expected a 0.2% summation instead, according to a study of economists by Dow Jones Newswires and nan Wall Street Journal. 

The manufacturing assemblage is struggling too, according to an scale released by nan Institute of Supply Management, which showed manufacturing activity declining for a 4th period successful a statement successful July, nan 20th diminution successful nan past 21 months. The scale dropped to a reference of 46.8%, down from 48.5% successful June and beneath nan 50% people that separates description from contraction. Forecasters had expected an uptick to 48.9% alternatively than nan deepening slump.

Industry struggles whitethorn beryllium affecting workers too: 249,000 group revenge for unemployment for nan first time, nan astir since past August, nan Department of Labor said. Economists typically return that study pinch a atom of salt, since nan numbers thin to bounce astir a batch from week to week.

Does That Mean We're Headed Toward a Recession?

Taken together, nan information was capable to raise concerns among investors that nan system could beryllium much astatine consequence of a downturn than antecedently thought. Major U.S. banal indexes fell sharply, successful portion because of concerns astir nan further signs of a slowing economy. Friday's monthly jobs study will supply another captious indication of nan economy's health.

Up to this point, nan U.S. has avoided a long-predicted recession arsenic nan system has stayed resilient contempt nan Federal Reserve’s run of anti-inflation liking complaint hikes that are meant to slow it down. The unemployment complaint is debased by historical standards contempt a caller uptick, and wide economical growth, arsenic measured by nan Gross Domestic Product, has run astatine a patient clip.

The Fed has maintained its benchmark liking complaint astatine its highest since 2001 for much than a year, pushing up borrowing costs connected mortgages, car loans, and each kinds of different credit, to discourage borrowing and spending and let proviso and request to rebalance. Inflation has travel down importantly since its caller highest successful mid-2022, but it’s travel astatine a cost.

“The system is successful beautiful bully style successful 2024, but it does person anemic spots. High liking rates are a awesome headwind for industries that usage a batch of credit, for illustration manufacturing, spot development, and retailers of big-ticket items for illustration furnishings and cars,”  Bill Adams, main economist for Comerica Bank, wrote successful a commentary.

One of nan softer anemic spots has been nan lodging market, which has been each but paralyzed by precocious owe rates driving buyers retired of nan market. With 2023 marking nan worst twelvemonth for location income successful astir 30 years, nan slowdown whitethorn beryllium spilling complete into different areas, particularly manufacturing. 

“The U.S. economy’s manufacturing guidelines appears to beryllium capitulating to nan sustained operation of precocious liking rates, anemic homebuying, and consumers’ value tag fatigue,” Gus Faucher, main economist astatine PNC wrote successful a commentary. 

What About Rate Cuts?

If nan grim numbers person a agleam broadside for borrowers and investors, it’s that nan Fed whitethorn respond by lowering those precocious liking rates faster than antecedently thought.

The Fed was already wide expected to trim its benchmark liking complaint arsenic soon arsenic its adjacent gathering successful September. In nan aftermath of Thursday’s data, nan likelihood grew that nan cardinal slope would travel that up pinch much complaint cuts astatine a faster pace, according to nan CME Group’s FedWatch tool, which forecasts complaint movements based connected fed costs futures trading data.

Treasury yields, which are delicate to expectations astir liking rates, moved sharply little Thursday, aft falling connected Wednesday pursuing Fed Chair Jerome Powell's comments astir nan prospects for monetary easing arsenic soon arsenic September. The output connected nan 10-year Treasury dropped beneath 4% connected Thursday for nan first clip since February.

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